Limits Near a Point Explorer

Approach x = a from both sides and watch where the outputs are heading — whether or not the function has a value there.

AP Calculus · Lesson 1
LR
Point L — approaching from the leftPoint R — approaching from the rightOpen circle — value not takenFilled dot — the value f(a) takesx = a

Live values

f(a) — the value at a

Defined at x = 2

1

Left-hand limit
Right-hand limit
Same destination from both sides?
Two-sided limit
f(a)
Move the points, predict the destination, then pressReveal conclusion.

Drag toward a

1.000
1.5 — fardrag right to get closer0.03 — very close
Jump to δ:

Numerical evidence

δxL = aδf(xL)xR = a + δf(xR)

A table gives evidence for a limit; it does notprove the limit.

Left-hand limit
Where the outputs head as x approaches a from values below a.
Right-hand limit
Where the outputs head as x approaches a from values above a.
f(a)
The output the function actually takes at a — if it takes one at all.

Key idea

A limit asks where the function is going, not where it is.

A finite two-sided limit exists only when the left-hand and right-hand limits are equal.